El otro dia brujuleando por la red una pagina me lleva a otra y entonces, aparece esto: Parlamento de los herejes, Comite de Defensa.
Q114. Clarification of what financial penalties, if any, would be incurred by the British Government deciding not to proceed with the third tranche of Typhoon.
The Typhoon programme is organised under a series of Memoranda of Understanding between the four partner nations, Italy, Germany, Spain and the UK. Although not legally binding, such MOU are the basis of most international collaborative defence projects and are relied upon by nations. The key principle of the Typhoon production arrangement is that each nation's industry builds a share of each aircraft, that share being equivalent to the nation's declared total "offtake" of aircraft. Each nation's government is then responsible for paying its own industry, with the end result that each nation's total share of manufacturing work and cost equates to its share of the aircraft, and costs are largely immune to currency exchange rate variations. If any nation reduced its offtake of aircraft, for instance by not proceeding with Tranche 3, it follows that manufacturing work would need to be redistributed between the nations to restore the balance of work and cost-share to aircraft offtake. This redistribution would be a complex, time-consuming and potentially expensive process. There is no question of a financial "penalty" but the MOU requires any nation that changes its requirement to bear these additional costs on behalf of the others, up to a ceiling based on the amount the nation would have paid for its original requirement. Such costs would not arise in the event that all four partner nations were to agree to proportionally similar changes to their offtake requirements.
Resumiendo, cada pais construye partes del avion hasta el porcentaje de su participacion, cosa que ya sabiamos. Cada pais paga a sus industrias y de esta manera el precio se mantiene libre de los vaivenes del cambio de moneda. Todo esta recogido por escrito en los distintos memorandums de entendimiento (MOU)
Lo importante: Si alguna nacion reduce la cantidad final, por ejemplo no encargando la tercera serie, todas las partes que fabrica deben ser cedidas a los demas socios que se repartiran su fabricacion de acuerdo a los nuevos porcentajes resultantes. La redistribucion es compleja (yo diria que imposible), larga y potencialmente cara. No existen penalizaciones monetarias como tales pero el MOU especifica que el sobrecosto resultante de todos esos cambios tiene que ser pagado por la nacion que reduce su parte hasta un limite maximo que seria el costo inicial previsto.
Hay una excepcion, que todos los paises estuvieran de acuerdo en hacer un recorte similar.
Segun lo veo: multa no hay, pero si unilateralmente deciden recortar el pedido previsto y ante la imposibilidad de que los demas pasaramos a fabricar esos componentes tendrian que compensarnos economicamente y tal y como esta el programa el sobrecosto de tantos cambios seguro que supera al costo original, con lo que si los demas no estan de acuerdo, cosa que creo que pasa, pagan como si se llevaran todos los aviones pero sin llevarselos. O lo que es lo mismo, a nosotros nos salen mucho mas baratos.